Detailed explanation of brush motor and brushless motor for electric tricycle

At present, the most used motors for electric tricycles on the market are brushed and brushless. The brushed motor is a traditional product with relatively stable performance, and the brushless motor is a new generation product. There are shortcomings between the two.

The working principle of the two motors:

　　When a brush motor is working, the coil and commutator rotate, the magnet and carbon brushes do not rotate, and the alternating current direction of the coil is changed by the inverter and brushes that rotate with the motor. The brushless DC motor is composed of a motor body and a driver, and is a typical mechatronic product.

The advantages and disadvantages of the two motors:

　　Brushless motors work with electronic components instead of mechanical principles, and their life performance is better than brush motors. However, its control circuit is more complicated, and the requirements for aging and screening of components are stricter. Although the motor has a long life, the control circuit is prone to malfunction. To put it bluntly, brushless motors have a longer lifespan than brushed motors and save power at the start, but controllers are more expensive than brushed controllers and are prone to problems.

　　The noise of the brush motor is much higher than that of the brushless motor, and as the carbon brushes wear out in the future, the noise of the brush motor will become more and more loud. But it is very easy to replace the carbon brushes, and the control of the motor is relatively simple, the motor runs smoothly, and the safety factor is high.

The brushless motor electric bicycle must reach its best working efficiency when the driving speed is more than 35 km/h; the brush motor achieves the 0-20 km/h stepless adjustment of the electric bicycle through the secondary gear reduction and the overrunning clutch. Speed, it can exert its best work efficiency at low speed.